Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common bacterium that infects the stomach, causing gastritis and peptic ulcers, and is known as a major etiological factor for gastric cancer. 

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) and observational studies have confirmed that eradication therapy can significantly reduce the risk of gastric cancer in H. pylori-positive individuals, including those with gastric neoplasia undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). 

The RCT revealed that eradication therapy reduced gastric cancer risk by 36% in individuals without neoplasia and by 48% in H. pylori-positive patients post-EMR. Mortality risk decreased by 22% in healthy H. pylori-positive individuals. 

Similarly, observational studies found that eradication therapy reduced cancer risk by 44% in H. pylori-positive individuals without neoplasia and by 81% in patients post-EMR. 

The findings highlight the importance of incorporating H. pylori screening and eradication therapy into public health strategies, especially in high-risk populations, to alleviate the burden of gastric cancer.

Source: Gastrojournal | [Read Full Story] (https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(25)00041-1/fulltext?rss=yes)